What are the most important questions when defining your target market?
When I consult with entrepreneurs, I get very concerned when I ask them who needs or will use their product. And their answer is EVERYBODY. Or Nurses, students, business owners. I am every concerned because I know that they have not really thought about who is their target market and what that question is truly saying to me is I don’t know who my target market is but anyone who will pay me. PLUS, they figure out elaborate concocutions as to why their product or service is needed by everyone in the universe.
But what I found, is that if you think that everyone can use your product, you should just give me the big bag of money that you will be spending right now and take a break because you are throwing your money away by not finding a niche. What is a niche? How do I find a target Market?
- The best way is to survey the people who have already bought your product or service. Be sure to exclude friends and family who were obligated to buy from you.
- If you have not sold anyone other than friends and family, I urge you to go and sell 2 people that are not related to you and do not have a relationship.
- Reason – You want to know that you can sell someone because as a small business owner, that is your best skill for growth in the beginning stages
- Reason #2 – You need proof that have a viable product
- Then, Survey your new customers and review the following
- What age is your customer?
- Where do they live?
- What sex?, family size?
- Occupation, education level
- Nationality
- Lifestyle
- If you are just starting and need to find what makes a good niche then honestly look at the list below and carefully answer those questions
- Is this niche industry growing?
- Do these prospects have money to buy? Why target poor college students?
- Can they afford your services or products?
- Is it small enough that the big competitors in your industry want to leave it alone?
- Is it big enough so that you have enough people to sell?
- Where are they located? Specific geographic region? Selling ski equipment in Colorado or Florida?
- Where do they buy? In a store or on the internet?
- After determining there is a market, then start thinking about why they would buy? What keeps your prospects up at night? Are you solving a problem? Are you solving your prospects problem?
- Is there a related product or service that is selling successfully in your target? Can you piggy back with them?
- Is there a similar priced product or service selling to your niche that you can “copy” the strategy or advertise in the same media outlets since you see they are successful?
You might say all of this just to start a business? I would argue YES! Dan Kennedy – the Millionaire Maker and marketing guru, talks about a woman who owned a ritzy boutique across the street from a high rise building and assumed that her customers were coming from across the street. BUT after evaluating her list of customers, she found that most of her customers were coming from over 25 minutes away. AND were not rich. So she began to target market to the 25 minute neighborhood and got great results just be defining her target market.
The obvious point above is any reason why you want to target market but it is important so that you can develop sales messages that appear to be speaking directly to your market. They identify with your message and want to buy. When you talk directly to your prospect, you as the business owner, stop chasing and begin attracting the right clients because you are focused on your market.
The second reason why you will want to find a niche is so that you can insulate your business from the competition. As we stated above, your competition won’t want to bother with your small niche.
I did this very thing when starting my telephone company. I began copying the other telephone companies in Las Vegas. Then, I realized that I did not have enough money to compete. I was dying, so I decided to find a niche. Friends would come up to me and ask why I did not sell to everyone, because everyone needs a telephone? BUT, I found a niche who needed my services, my competitors did not want them and they were growing daily. THE DISCONNECTED MARKET. I enjoyed a competition free zone for several years. This niche though eventually grew to be a “target” of my competitors because they saw how successful I was, but by the time they did, I had already made my money and was onto the next niche.
One last point, “use what you got” so look at delivery slips, any information for your customers to find their existing data to find your target market, then construct all of your marketing messages to go hand in hand with this target.